In vivo and in vitro determination of changes of electrophysiology in rats with allyl chloride poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the results of in vivo and in vitro in determination of the changes of allyl chloride (AC)-induced electrophysiology in rats sciatic nerve.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety male Wistar rats weighted 180 approximately 220 g were divided randomly into two groups, i.e. experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=50). The rats in experimental group were treated with AC dissolved in corn oil (200 mg/kg ip 3 days/week) by gavage for 12 weeks. Electrophysiological indexes of each group were determined on 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks of AC intoxication. The indexes included measurements of sciatic nerve conduct velocity (NCV), compound action potential amplitude (CAPA), potential latency (PL), time course (TC), threshold potential (TP) and max stimulate potential (MSP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the corresponding time-matched control rats, on 6, 9 and 12 weeks of AC intoxication, NCV were decreased by 23.6%, 40.4% and 48.6% (P<0.05, P<0.01) in vivo, while in vitro it was decreased by 15.4% (P<0.05) on 12 week, CAPA were reduced by 31.7% in vivo, while in vitro it was reduced by 31.7%, 38.9% and 58.9% (P<0.05, P<0.01), respectively, PL were prolonged 22.6% and 40.7% (P<0.01) on 9, 12 weeks in vivo, while in vitro it was prolonged 8.0% (P<0.05), TC were increased 22.5%, 34.6% and 47.5% (P<0.01) in vivo, while in vitro it was increased 11.6%, 20.0% (P>0.05) and 19.5% (P<0.01), respectively, TP were elevated 12.1% (P>0.05), 32.3% and 40.0% (P<0.05) in vivo, while in vitro it was elevated 16.4% (P>0.05), 29.2% and 35.6% (P<0.05), respectively, MSP were increased 40.5% (P>0.05), 69.0% and 86.5% (P<0.01) in vivo, while in vitro it was increased 29.7% (P>0.05), 52.0% and 61.9% (P<0.01), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The two methods of in vivo and in vitro showed that AC could significantly affect the electrophysiology of sciatic nerve, and the time-dependent changes occurred. The NCV is the most sensitive indicator in vivo to the early diagnosis of AC intoxication, while CAPA is the most sensitive indicator in vitro.</p>

Clinical significance of prostatic-specific antigen levels in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated by low urinary tract syndrome / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical significance of prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by low urinary tract syndrome( LUTS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The levels of tPSA, fPSA and fPSA/tPSA ratio were detected and compared in 520 cases of BPH with LUTS and 196 cases without LUTS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean levels of tPSA in the cases of BPH with LUTS and without LUTS were (5.13 +/- 2.49) microg/L and (1.73 +/- 1.26) microg/L respectively (P<0.01). The mean levels fPSA were (1.57 +/- 0.80) microg/L and (0.54 +/- 0.38) microg/L respectively (P < 0.01). The mean ratios of fPSA/tPSA were (0.31 +/- 0.09) and (0.30 +/- 0.11) respectively ( P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The levels of tPSA, fPSA are significantly higher in the cases of BPH with LUTS than those in the cases without LUTS, but the ratio of fPSA/tPSA is stable in BPH.</p>

Time dependent changes in antioxidation of rat serums and sciatic nerves caused by toxicology / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the time dependent antioxidation changes of serum and sciatic nerve in rats intoxicated with acrylamide.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats weighing 180 to 220 g were given acrylamide dissolved in physiological saline (40 mg/kg ip 3 days/week). The control groups received normal saline. The gait was observed and antioxidant indexes of rat serum and sciatic nerve were determined on 0, second, fourth, sixth, 10th week.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the extension of the intoxication period, compared with the control, the contents of glutathione in serum and sciatic nerve gradually decreased (P < 0.05; after 6 and 10 weeks to 92% and 77%; after 2, 4, 6 and 10 weeks to 92%, 82%, 67% and 66%); the levels of malondialdehyde gradually increased (P < 0.05; after 4, 6 and 10 weeks to 113%, 118% and 120%; after 4, 6 and 10 weeks to 153%, 167%, 174%); the abilities of the resistance to reactive oxygen species gradually decreased (P < 0.05; after 10 weeks to 82%; after 6 and 10 weeks to 76% and 71%); the activities of glutathione peroxidase gradually increased (P < 0.05; after 2, 4, 6 and 10 weeks to 122%, 130%, 160% and 124%; after 4, 6 and 10 weeks to 134%, 152% 164%); the activities of glutathione reductase increased at early stage (P < 0.01; after 4 and 6 weeks to 300% and 217%; after 4 weeks to 142%) and decreased later (P < 0.01; 6 and 10 weeks to 59% and 33% in sciatic nerve); the activities of superoxide dismutase increased primitively (P < 0.05; after 2 weeks to 110%; after 4 weeks to 124%) and decreased later (P < 0.05; after 10 weeks to 85% in serum). The changes of antioxidant indexes in serum and sciatic nerve according to gait score were similar. The level of MDA in serum was in high correlation (P < 0.01) with that in sciatic nerve. The regression coefficients were 0.99 and 0.96 according to the administration time and gait score respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The changes of the antioxidant indexes in serum and sciatic nerve of rat treated with acrylamide are time dependent. The changes in serum and sciatic nerve are similar but those in sciatic nerve are more remarkable.</p>

Modified cystectomy with preservation of erectile and ejaculatory functions in men with nonmalignant bladder disease / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To evaluate modified cystectomy with preservation of erectile and ejaculatory functions in men with nonmalignant bladder disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven cases with average age of 27 years presented with bladder disease necessitating cystectomy, including 2 cases of tuberculous contractile bladder, 1 case of extensive polypoid cystitis glandularis, 4 cases of late stage of neurogenic bladder. All patients wished to maintain erectile and ejaculatory functions after the operation. We performed a modified simple cystectomy with preservation of the vasa deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and neurovascular bundles, as well as construction of an Indiana pouch or ileal neobladder.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Average operative time was 5 h 45 min without perioperative complications in this group. Follow-up ranged from 9 to 60 months. Erectile and ejaculatory functions were normal in all cases. All patients remained completely continent and no dysuria in neobladder, and there was no difficulty in inserting catheter to empty pouch. Upper urinary tract was in good condition 3 and 24 months after operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Modified cystectomy with preservation of the vasa deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and neurovascular bundles is an effective and reliable option for the patients who wish to maintain their fertility and erectile function after surgery.</p>

Comparison of endoscopic irsection and vaporization for superficial bladder cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the method and clinical value of endoscopic surgery by comparing endoscopic resection and vaporization for superficial bladder tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>396 patients with superficial bladder papillary transitional cell carcinoma were treated by endoscopic therapy. 180 patients (Group A) were treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and 216 (Group B) by transurethral vaporization of bladder tumor (TVBT). Periodic postoperative intra-vascular instillation of chemotherapy was given to both groups. Operating time, amount of bleeding during operation, complications and recurrence rate were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group B, the amount of bleeding and complications during operation were lower than those in group A, but TVBT rated better by clearer view and simplicity in maneuver. The operating time, recurrence rate in group B were similar to those in group A.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transurethral vaporization of bladder cancer, with simplicity in maneuver, less bleeding and fewer complications, rates better in effectiveness and clinical value than resection.</p>